Abstract In this study, our focus was on the extent of liability of banks for e-banking fraud, Enugu State as case study. The study is was specifically focused on examining the e-banking fraud risks that are of high concern in the Nigerian banking sector; investigating the perceived factors that have considerable influence on the increase […]

ABSTRACT This study was carried out with the purpose of analyzing Credit management, credit policy and the performing of  Bank in Akure, ondo state Nigeria. Specifically, the study sought to establish whether there is a relationship between credit policy and performance, capital adequacy and performance and credit risk control and performance. In achieving the objectives […]

CHAPTER ONE   INTRODUCTION   1.1 Background of the study Banks are a vital part of every economy. It is the driving force behind society and economic progress. The importance of banking services to any economy’s growth and development cannot be overstated. Prior to the introduction of electronic devices in the delivery of financial services in […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY A cashless system is one in which transactions are carried out without the use of cash as a medium of exchange, instead relying on credit card or debit card transfers. Several academics have attempted to analyze this approach, but only a handful have provided a detailed assessment […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1       Background of the study The exchanging of goods and services has taken place using a variety of methods and mediums in human history. Many of these methods and mediums are often tangible, such as metal coins or paper money.. Without a doubt, the global financial community is embracing the latest technological […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1       Background of the study A bank is a financial organization that collects deposits and puts those deposits into lending activities, either directly or through capital markets (Uremadu, S. 2012). Customers with capital shortages are linked to customers with capital surpluses by a bank holding funds in trust for them. Because of […]

CHAPTER ONE   INTRODUCTION   1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Agriculture may be described as the science or practice of farming, which includes the cultivation and manufacturing of raw materials for industries (Harris & Fuller, 2014). Farming is generally recognized as the world’s oldest vocation, and it continues to be one in which the greatest […]

CHAPTER ONE   INTRODUCTION   1.1  BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY It has been in a leading position of life and sustainability in Nigeria since its birth and acknowledgment. This is because, since the inception of this field of economic and business awareness, bribery and other manifestations of dishonesty, as well as the misappropriation of funds entrusted […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1  Background of the study Microfinance institutions (MFIs) have emerged as an economic development strategy aimed at assisting micro businesses in obtaining money for the growth and maintenance of their operations. MFIs have made significant efforts throughout Asia, Africa, and Latin America over the past decade to increase poor people’s access to credit, […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 OVER-VIEW OF THE STUDY In the past few years, t here has been an increased awareness in Africa and indeed Nigeria, of the crime of Money Laundering. This increase in awareness has arisen because of the step-up in the activities of agencies and governments involved in the monitoring, prevention and punis […]

CHAPTER ONE 1.1. INTRODUCTION Banks, especially commercial banks, are the major mobilizers of saving in any economic system by offering savings facilities to the public. Some of the functions of the banks include the acceptance of deposits from the public and channeling such deposits to the deficit sectors of the economy who are in need […]

CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION The traditional economic theory teaches that capital starved, but generally labour surplus developing countries, should be the net importers of financial resources from advanced countries. This pattern o movement will be informed by the returns on new investment opportunities, which are considered higher where capital is limited (Oyeranti 2003:10). Flows of […]

Abstract The study was principally made to appraise the loan portfolio of DMBs in Nigeria with the aim of finding the magnitude and trend of non-peforming loans (NPLs) and the factor responsible fo that. The problem x-rayed here stems from the high magnitude NPLs in the loan portfolio of DMBs as evidenced in recent joint […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Mobilization of resources for national development has long been the central focus of economic development. For sustainable growth and development, funds must be effectively mobilized and optimally allocated to enable business and the national economies to harness their resources both human and material fo r optimal output […]

ABSTRACT This research is an in -depth study of the impact of risk on capital budgeting decisions of some selected companies in Nigeria. There seems to be a great difference between the theoretical aspect of capital budgeting and the actual practice. The central issue is that not enough effort has been made to integrate both […]

CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION The capital market is central to the economic stability, sustainable growth and development of any economy. Sustainable growth and development in an economy has a direct bearing to the viability of the productive sector. To achieve this, it is essential that the capital market through the use of financial instruments mobilizes […]

CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY In a developing country like Nigeria, the role of banks and other financial institutions cannot be over emphasized. Banks play the middle-man role of channeling funds from the fund surplus sectors to deficit sector of the economy which is of immense benefit to the even growth […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY A political campaign is an organized effort which seeks to influence the decision making process within a specific group Amuchie. (2012). In democracies,  political campaigns often refer to electoral campaigns, wherein representatives are chosen or referendums are decided. In modern politics, the most high profile political campaigns […]

CHAPTER ONE  INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY The mobilization of resources for national development has long been the crucial focus of development economists.  This is because, for sustainable growth and development to take place, funds must be effectively mobilized and allocated to enable business and the economy harnesses their human, material and managerial resources […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Nigeria is an immensely endowed country in both natural and human resources, with the population of over 140 million people who are largely engaged in the farming sector and small scale business. This sector is primarily dominated by micro, small and medium scale enterprises (MSMEs) and both […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY The word fraud refers to the irregularities involving the use of criminal deception to obtain an unjust or illegal advantage. It send a wave of doubts, curiosity, anxiety and concern to people as regards the safety of be it financial or otherwise. It exists in different sectors of […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND TO STUDY Banking operation is becoming increasingly customer dictated. The demand for “banking supermarket” offering one-stop integrated financial services is well on the rise. The ability of banks to offer clients access to several markets for different classes of financial instruments has become a valuable core-edge. Convergence in the industry to […]

ABSTRACT Nigeria’s economy is characterized very by large number a relative of micro enterprises, and in between lie small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The unique feature of most SMEs is that, they can be easily established since their requirement in terms of capital, technology; management and even utilities are not as demanding as it is […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND T OTHE STUDY Microfinance has gradually developed to be a worldwide movement, no longer being a subject matter of microfinance practitioners alone. Governments, donors, development agencies, banks, foundations, corporations, business communities, civil societies, researchers, universities, consultants, philanthropists and others are taking an increasing interest in it (Sale Huddin and Hukinil, […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION   1.1 Background to the Study The preparation of stewardship report from the accounting point of view is the role of the management who oversees the affairs of the business organization on behalf of the owners usually the shareholders. This stewardship report represents the financial statements covering the operating performance and the […]

ABSTRACT This term paper was tailored at designing bank lending policies and recovery procedures in Nigeria. The piece of work looked into bank services and the rules that guide their monetary policies. Research was carried out on ways of improving bank lending policies and good measures on how money could be recovered. Recommendation for the […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY The role of BVN aimed at curtailing hazards associated with social security and credit risk cannot be underestimated (Leland & David, 2017). In recent times, biometric technologies have been used to analyze human characteristics as an enhanced form of authentication for real-time security processes. In the face […]

ABSTRACT The research work focuses on graduate unemployment and how the National Directorate of Employment (NDE) has helped in curbing it in Anambra state. The work is aimed at determining the cause and effect of Graduate Unemployment in Nigeria, highlight various policies and programmes put in place by the Government to curb unemployment, assess the […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background to the study Mobile banking is an innovation that has progressively rendered itself in pervasive ways cutting across several financial institutions and other sectors of the economy. During the 21st century mobile banking advanced from providing mere text messaging services to that of pseudo internet banking where customers could not only […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   Background to the Study Effectiveness of financial reporting is one area in accounting that is recognized as the power house of financial dealings and management (Howard, 2012). Financial report constitutes the climax of all the planning and operation in the corporate governance. The audit reputation may then depend upon the contents […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY One of the major economic backwardness of the most third world countries like Nigeria is the over prolonged sojourn of private foreign divestment in them. The predatory exploitative orientation and activities of foreign monopoly capital, it inherent tendency to resist and hamper local industrialization and to perpetuate […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Manufacturing firms are considered important in both developed and developing countries. They are producer of goods and services which help to increase economic growth and contribute significantly to employment creation. Although they play a crucial role in economic growth and employment and their operations are often crippled […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Customer satisfaction is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company meet or surpass customer expectation. Customer satisfaction is also defined as “the number of customers, or percentage of total customers, whose reported experience with a firm, its products or its services (ratings) exceeds […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1    BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Every company operates within the internal and external environments of business. The internal environments are within a firm such that the prevailing factors are most times very subject to the control of the managers.  The external environment has to do with the larger business environments in which […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Although, there is general agreement among psychologists that man experiences a variety of needs, there is considerable disagreement as to what these needs are and their relative importance (Van Rooyen, J.  2016). One of the basic problems in any organization is how to motivate people to work. […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY The most recent and significant development in the banking industry is the emergence of Islamic Banking System and Interest-Free Banks (IFBs) in Nigeria through the CBN guideline on non interest banking. This is in response to the failure of the conventional interest based banking system to cater […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY An organization’s development is a vital exercise that must be carried out with a successful conclusion if technological bondage is to be avoided in the nation. In our society today there is need for adopting a creative approach for our technological take off. The reason is to […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1  BACKGROUND TO STUDY It is generally accepted that the primary objective of most business enterprise is to make profit by identifying and serving the needs of customers. Thus, profit being the principal source of growth and continue existence of the business enterprise, serves as and index by which the performance of […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role in the development of national economy. Due to their importance and the crucial role they play in economic development and growth of the nation, much attention has been placed on financing of small and medium enterprises, since they […]