CHAPTER ONE   INTRODUCTION   1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The advent of the internet in the 1990s led to major developments in the world of communication. Today the Internet has taken a firm place in people’s lives. It is difficult to imagine a young man who at least once a day did not check […]

1.1 Background of study   Man has intuitively expressed a desire to express himself in things concerning his general wellbeing and the development of the society in which he finds himself since the beginning of time. Although, as societies grow, this innermost yearning has more often been faced with oppressive tendencies in the shape of harsh […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1  BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The significance of contact cannot be overstated. Communication has always been a central and essential aspect of human life. Humans cannot live without contact and it is the only way for thoughts and information to be transmitted on from one generation to the next. According to Baran (2014), […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1      Background of the study Evangelists have not looked back since the establishment of the Christian commission, and they have employed many tactics to guarantee that the “Good News” reaches every man on the planet. The mainstream media, particularly radio, television, and, more recently, the Internet, have shown to be effective in carrying […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The issue of breast cancer among women cannot be over-emphasized nor can it be overstated in the world today. Particularly, there are reports that breast cancer is the major cause of death among women globally (Schliemann, Htay, Dahlui, Paramasivam, Christopher, Cardwell, Tamin, Somasundaram, Donnelly, Su, and Donnelly, 2020). […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Of The Study According to Kefas (2009), journalism education is a system of education that facilitates the training of contributors to newspapers, magazines, radio, and television, as well as editors of literature for mass audiences. Journalism education, unlike much university activity, is non-experimental, with its curriculum influenced heavily by a […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1  BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Television (TV) is derived from the Greek (tele), which means “far away,” and the Latin visio, which means “vision.” It’s a form of communication that’s mostly used to send moving (color) pictures to viewers. Television has been a popular household item, despite the fact that the invention has […]

CHAPTER ONE   INTRODUCTION   1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Democracy is widely regarded as the world’s most popular form of government. It is widely regarded as a government of the people, for the people, and by the people. Democracy as an ideology, according to Obasanjo and Mabgunje (1992), cited in Ogah and Ogeyni (2014), is […]

CHAPTER ONE   INTRODUCTION   1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STDUY Even during the dark days of ruthless military dictatorship in Nigeria, the media (print and electronic), particularly privately owned media, has always been powerful vehicles of awareness and mobilization of people towards democracy (Ajayi P. M, 2007). However, government intimidation and harassment, logistics, limited resources, […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study A newly emerging coronavirus, SARS‐CoV‐2 (previously known as 2019‐nCoV) which can cause coronavirus disease (COVID‐19), a severe respiratory illness like SARS and MERS, was first reported in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) initially declared the COVID‐19 outbreak a Public Health […]

CHAPTER ONE   INTRODUCTION   1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Technological advancements, globalization of competition, the increasing importance of information, increasingly competitive environments, and changes in consumer demographic characteristics (e.g., an increase in the number of employed women, changes in family structure) have all contributed to significant changes in marketing and advertising. Classic advertising becomes […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study The most common form of leisure activity around the world is still watching television (an average of 2.8 hours per day according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2021). Clearly, there is a wide range of interpretations on what constitutes heavy viewing, and the addictive quality is […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Of The Study Historically, there has been an increasing rate of banditry attacks by Fulani herders in farming regions, evolving from a community conflict into deadly paramilitary groups (Claire, 2021). Banditry, according to Adegoke (2019), has become an enticing source of income in Nigeria, where weak governance, unemployment, poverty, and inequality […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1  Background of the study The telecommunications (telecom) market is a part of the information and communication technology industry. The market is primarily engaged in operating and providing access to facilities for the transmission of voice, data, text and video (Businesswire, 2016). Telecommunication is the transmission of information by various types of technologies over wires, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems (ITU 2015). […]

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study “Rural” means open land and tiny settlements in general, although “rural areas” are typically taken for granted or left undefined in policy-oriented and scientific literature, in a process of description that is sometimes laden with complications (IFAD, 2010). Finally, the rural is characterized as the inverse or residue […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study Understanding communication in health care practices, especially in relation to doctor/nurse-patient communications, can contribute to patient engagement and perceptions of quality of care. In doctor/nurse-patient interaction, both doctors and nurses bring their individual knowledge, attitudes, feelings, experiences, and patterns of behavior to the relationship. These individual-based behavioral patterns and perceptions […]

ABSTRACT The deterioration of the moral life of children who grow into youthful age and then into adulthood in the face of immoralities has become an issue which needs urgent action in today’s Nigerian society. This can be attributed to a lot of reasons but the mass media with us Persuasive messages cannot be exonerated. […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background of the study Over the years, the Nigeria Television Authority (NTA) has been performing critically well in the area of information dissemination, educating the populace and playing advocacy roles most especially in critical moments and events (Effiong, Nseobot, Johnny, Frank, Abere, Essien, &Ukpong, 2020). The outbreak of the world’s pandemic disease […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study Experts in the nation‘s media and marketing communication industries at a forum organized by the Advertising Agencies‘ Association of Nigeria, (AAAN), in 2010 in Lagos, raised alarm on the future of newspaper in Nigeria. Majority of the participants concluded that unless the print media braced up to […]

  CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study Communication media are on the move, constantly evolving, and changing the world we live in. Their diversity and impacts have ushered in the contemporary information societies where the exchange of information remains the dominant economic activity and source of power. Consequently, individuals, interest groups and even […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study Free access to relevant information is central to effective journalism practice globally. Information is to journalism what raw products are to manufacturers. Journalists need information from the society to enable them refine it and return same to the society with the ultimate aim of making the society […]

ABSTRACT The study sought to determine the effect of internal control system on financial performance of manufacturing firms in Tuyil pharmaceutical ltd. To achieve the objective of this study, the study used hypothesis testing research design. The study tested the following hypotheses: H1: Internal Controls and Financial Performance are positively related; H2: Internal Controls have a significant […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Communication as known everywhere has developed over a number of centuries. The sophisticated and complexity which characterized human communication in the modern world are the result of a very long and sustained effort by human beings to improve on one of the most fundamental aspects of their existence. […]

ABSTRACT It is not just good enough to obtain license, establish and start running a community radio station. The success of any organization is hinged on the fulfillment of the objectives of that organization. It is based on this premise that this research work is carried out to examine the present operational nature of University […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY  Digital television transition is the technological evolution and advance from analogue terrestrial television, which broadcasts land based (terrestrial) signals. The purpose of digital terrestrial television, similar to digital versus analogue in other platforms such as cable, satellite, telecoms, is characterized by reduced use of spectrum and more […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Nigerian youths have formed part of the global followers of the British premier league matches   The national media’s specialty at covering and broadcasting the league has been unprecedented. The passion, zeal, accuracy, and dexterity with which presenters of football matches broadcast and run commentary of the premiership and […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1    Background to the Study The Press is the moulder of the society. Although this fact has been   lashed with numerous criticisms, we cannot deny the fact that the press shapes the society. Most journalists are aware of this, so they determine, even to the extent of sacrificing their lives, to give […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION The Freedom of Information Bill (FOI) is a bill that, if passed into law, will give every Nigerian access to information, records and documents held by government bodies and private bodies carrying out public functions. It applies to all arms of government: the Executive, Legislature and Judiciary as well as to all […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY It is a known fact that the greatest heritage of a nation remains the creativity of its citizens, and therefore one of the primary functions of law enforcement agents and other appropriate authorities is to protect the ingenuity, resourcefulness and innovation of the citizenry. However, Nigeria has […]

CHAPTER ONE 1.0   INTRODUCTION The role of the media, particularly, television in advancing national integration  is pivotal. Television has become a very important and an effective medium of mass communication since its invention. Its synchronous transmission of audio and visual signals enables it to excert enormous influence on the society, thus, commanding credibility and attention […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   Background to the Study According to Anil (2013:28) “Advertising via mobile devices or mobile advertisement is defined as the usage of interactive wireless media (such as cellular phones and pages, cordless telephones, personal digital assistance, two-way radios, baby crib monitors, wireless networking systems, GPS- based locators and maps) to transmit advertising […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1    BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Basically, communication touch every sphere of human activity, it informs or better still disseminate information/message to target audience. One of the peculiarities of the human race is communication among the members of the society. Communication is an essential attribute of human behaviour . In deed, communication is […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION   1.1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The apprehensions of media communication, as well as evidence for its effects, are as old as the history of the subject itself. People have always wondered how media messages are affecting them by bringing about an imperceptible change in their culture, values and behavioural patterns. They […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY This study is on the effect of violence television programmes on Nigerian Youths using Osun State Polytechnic, Iree Students as a case study. The term culture has been defined differently by different people. The different definitions attached to culture are based on the differences in the orientation […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1     BACKGROUND OF STUDY “The lesson to be learned is that the future belongs to the station to the extent that the station that produces and controls programming well will be successful”. Fepper (1995). Programming as the bedrock and mainstay of broadcasting involves a long-term calculated planned policy expressed in predetermined executable action, […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Political advertising has become part of the political culture of most democracies and Nigeria as a democratic nation is not left out.  Political advertising is one of the specialised areas of human communication and business.  More specifically, it is an aspect of social advertising, which is part of social […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   Background to the study Olalenkan (2003) posited Development in today’s world has made the business of governance very complicated and filled with great challenges for people seeking political powers. Attempts to meet the challenges effectively led to the birth of political public relation and it is virtually impossible to practice it […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study The most important change that has taken place in the sport industry is the significant role the media is playing in the development of sports all over the world. Apart from the fact that the media has increased sports awareness and spectatorship among peoples of the world, […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1     BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY  The impact of radio and television campaign on cultism in Nigerian cannot be undermined. Instead, it has gotten enough recognition in our society and beyond, because the extent at which campus cultism is increasing in Nigeria. Tertiary institution of learning is alarming and year always grip the heart […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1    Background to the Study Election is a period of transition of government from one person to another. The mandate of leadership is gotten from the majority votes from election exercise. The voters are regarded as the most important parties to election. This can be seen from the system of democracy which […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Viewed from legal prism and pinnacle, libel in general represents written and recorded firm in a firm or less permanent nature like photography, cartoon, statue, picture, caricature, moving cinematography, television, pictures or images, documentary, etc designed to expose an individual to hatred, ridicule or contempt, cause him to […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY This research work studies the mass media’s contributions to the political values of openness and democratic accountability that go by the name of ‘transparency’. In fact, the metaphor of transparency encompasses three separate political virtues, which often work together but are analytically distinct. The first kind of transparency […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1  Background of the Study Radio is an essential mass medium that virtually every member of the society benefits from. Kuewumi (2009) asserts that Radio has radicalized the face of human communication and ultimately become a fixed point in the daily lives of humans whereby people are informed, taught, nurtured and reformed by […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.0   Background of the Study In modern day government arrangement especially in democratic politics such as India, the United States of America, South Africa, Nigeria,   Australia, among others, there exist three arms of government namely the executive, the legislature and the judiciary with the media being the fourth as it […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   Background of the Study For many non-commercial organizations, public relations, whether to recruit volunteers, publicize an event, or commemorate organizational milestones, is a scary, if not foreign, task. In most situations employees at non-commercial organizations know their programmes, the communities they serve, and are knowledgeable about the organization’s target social […]

CHAPTER ONE 1.0     INTRODUCTION Television as a mass medium of communication has become a very important and most effective medium of communication ever since it invention. It synchronous transmission of audio and visual signal enable it to exert enormous influence on the society there by making it more compelling and enable it to command great […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.0  Background to the Study Television (TV) is a telecommunication medium for transmitting and receiving moving Image that can be monochrome (black-and-white) or colored, with or without accompanying sound, “television” may also refer specifically to a television set, television programming or television transmission. Globally, the television world has initiated a transition of emphases […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1    BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY This research touches on the various aspects of radio programmes as instruments of national development. In other words, it explores into radio programmes as a mobilization agency during the political transition period. It is thus, an important assumption of the work that a systematic study of national […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1        BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Cocoa-cola is the world leading soft drink. It is sold in more than one hundred and forty-five countries. A total of two hundred and fifty million liquid content are consumed every day in all part of the world. It was first brought to Nigeria in 1953 when Nigeria […]