CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION1.1. Background of the studyThe importance of public relations in any organization cannot be overemphasized. This is largely buttressed by the fact that the public relations unit of an organization is an important factor which aids in the success of any organization through building and sustaining its corporate image.In many government parastatals and private organizations whether […]

CHAPTER ONE1.1 BACK GROUND OF THE STUDY Nigeria as a sovereign nation operates a federal system of government i.e the federal government, state government and the local government councils.Onwo (1992) Observed that each level of the three tiers of government derive its powers not from the magnanimity of the central government but from the constitution; each level […]

CHAPTER ONE 1.1  Background To The Study Corruption constitutes a great challenge to the realization of democratic dividend in form of Education, social, economic, and political development of any nation. The issue has therefore generated public outcry and the concern of government to stem it out of the Nigerian cultural heritage.. The United Nations Global Programme against […]

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine the factors associated with health seeking and prevention of human papilloma virus infection. Three (3) research questions and hypotheses were raised to solve the research problems. The research employs exploratory, survey and descriptive research methods using quantitative and qualitative analysis. The population of this study comprises […]

MEDIA REPORTING, VOTING BEHAVIOUR AND LEADERSHIP ASCENDANCY DURING 2011 AND 2015 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS IN NIGERIA CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study Media reporting of events and issues in Nigeria has advanced significantly within the upsurges of the country’s politics, especially in her processes of elections. Yet, there seems to be a growing concern […]

CHAPTER ONE                                              INTRODUCTION      Background to the Study Obesity is the result of long-term energy imbalances in which daily energy intake exceeds daily energy expenditure. Energy balance is modulated by a myriad of factors, including metabolic rate, appetite, diet, and physical activity. In some instances, endocrine problems, genetic syndromes, and medications can be associated with […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1       Background to the Study Since the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was first discovered three decades ago, it is estimated that globally approximately 1.8 million adults and children had died of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-related illnesses by the end of 2010 (UNAIDS, 2010). In the same year 2010, it was estimated […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1       Background to the Study Suicide is a multifaceted self-annihilating behavior resulting from a complicated interaction of several factors on a personal and environmental level. As a result of a steady rise in suicide rates over the past 50 years, the World Health Organization established suicide as a key global public health […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study Diarrhea is a deadly illness that affects both adults and children. It accounted for 9% of all deaths among children under the age of 5 years in 2015. This percentage of mortality means, over 1,400 young children die every day, or about 530,000 children every year (UNICEF, Diarrhoeal […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1  Background to the Study Global deaths among infants recorded for a period of four years from 2012 to 2015 showed a marginal improvement towards achieving the target for the Millennium Development Goal-four with records of 35 to 32 deaths out of 1,000 live births (United Nations Inter-Agency Group, 2015). In spite […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background to the Study The impact of smoking and tobacco use on health cannot be over emphasized. Cigarette smoking remains a gigantic public health problem and is still regarded as one of the leading preventable causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide (Can, Topbas, Ozuna, Ozgun, Can & Yavuzyilmaz, 2009; Mpabulungi & Muula, […]

CHAPTER ONE                                              INTRODUCTION   Background to the Study Lifestyle  of  adolescents, especially their food pattern encounters dramatic changes,  mainly  due  to  their  higher  freedom  in decision  making,  including selection  and purchasing of foods (Daniel, 2002). The assessment of food consumption pattern of this highly vulnerable age group is important in enhancing health status of next […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1       Background to the Study The use of digital technology has developed over the last few decades. The use of these technologies have become very paramount to many of our daily activities which includes but not limited to sending and receiving text messages, emails, relating with friends and loved ones on social […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1       Background to the Study Globally, hypertension is the third leading risk factor contributing to mortality and morbidity rate, and this is over powered only by malnutrition and smoking. The African continent is undergoing a double burden of disease, with Hypertension among the leading cause of non- communicable disease (WHO, 2012). The […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background to the Study Health-care providers are at major high-risk for contracting blood-borne infections during the discharge of their duties in health-care facilities now than ever before. Despite the introduction of these preventive procedures in the training of healthcare workers such as nurses, doctors, medical laboratory scientist among others, the possibility of […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1       Background to the Study There is no one way to parenting. Differences in parenting styles can happen within individual societies as well as between different cultures (Sanders, 2003). For instance, the way parents in the United Kingdom or the United Sates choose to raise their children may differ dramatically from the […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1    Background to the Study Immunization is basically the process of fortifying a person’s immune system and making him or her resistant to an infectious disease through the use of vaccine, has gone a long way, and its importance cannot be downplayed. As recalled by Blackman (2008), a global vaccination programme was […]

CHAPTER ONE  INTRODUCTION 1.1       Background to the Study Pregnancy and delivery for most women, include physiological and psychosocial changes in the body constituting a major life event. Pregnancy throughout the world is regarded as a perfect normal stage, mile stone to motherhood, and a moment of celebration. However to many, especially in the developing Countries, […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background to the Study Health has been described as the nonexistence of disease and impairment, as well as a condition of complete wellness in the mental, physical, and social realms. The persistence of the internal environment of any human system is dependent on their physiological, sociological and psychological equilibrium. Nursing care has […]

DETERMINANTS OF RESPONSIVE EMERGENCY OBSTETRIC REFERRALS AND REFERRAL INTENTIONS AMONG TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS IN LAGELU LGA, OYO STATE, NIGERIA ABSTRACT Despite all efforts to reduce maternal mortality rate during the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) initiative, maternal mortality remains unacceptably high. In Nigeria, the maternal mortality rate is 800-1,000 per 100,000 live births, making Nigeria accounts […]

DETERMINANTS OF BIRTH-DELIVERY INTENTION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN ABEOKUTA SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OGUN STATE, NIGERIA ABSTRACT Child delivery is a critical and sensitive stage of pregnancy. The study assessed the determinant of birth-delivery intention among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Abeokuta South Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Research designs used […]

ABSTRACT Standard precautions are guidelines recommended by the Centre for Disease Control for reducing the risk of transmission of blood borne pathogens in the clinical setting. Hospitals being one of the most hazardous places to work predispose health workers, especially medical laboratory scientists, to the risk of blood borne infections and sometimes death. This study […]

CHILD-SURVIVAL MESSAGE-COMMUNICATION SKILLS, ATTITUDE OF HEALTH WORKERS AND MOTHERS’ READINESS TO ADOPT SURVIVAL STRATEGIES AMONG ATTENDEES IN ADEOYO MATERNITY HOSPITAL, IBADAN CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study Child mortality constitute a major concern of public health as shown by records few years back that the rate of newborn mortality is unacceptably high in […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1       Background to the Study  There are 36.7 million (34.0 million – 39.8 million) people estimated to be living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Worldwide in 2015, with 15.7 million and 2 million of these being women and children younger than 15 years of Age respectively, with a global HIV prevalence of […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background to the Study In most developed countries, chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension are presenting high rate of prevalence, posing significant burdens on those who are diagnosed, and making increase in the costs of healthcare systems. Chronic kidney disease is said to be exhibiting similar trends as diabetes and hypertension, though […]

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) belongs to the family of ‘retroviruses’ and possesses the ability to transform its genetic material from viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) into deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and then subsequently integrate the latter into the genome of an infected human cell (Maartens, Celum, & Lewin, 2014). […]