COMPLETE SCHOOL PROJECT TOPICS & MATERIALS :
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ABSTRACT

The exchange of heat is one of the most important processes in the chemical industry and the Shell and tube heat exchanger is the major equipment used to transfer heat from one medium to another. This research project work on the Computer Aided Design (CAD) of shell and tube heat exchanger with double pas ses aims to provide an easy way to design shell and tube heat exchangers. A case study question was given and all the necessary calcu lations in the thermal design are carried out using Kern’s method of heat. exchanger design. The thermal design is then use d as a guide to the computer aided design using computer codes .

The computer software program used is the most recent version of Visual Basic called Visual Basic NET (VB.NET) because of its numerous advantages over the other software programmes. The result gotten from the computer aided design was compared to the result from the thermal design. The computer aided design software was equally used to test other problems on shell and tube heat exchanger.

Because the computer aided design was found to be more accurate, quicker and more efficient, it was recommended for use in companies and industries .

CHAPTER 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION

Heat Exchangers are specialized devices that assist in th e transfer of heat from one fluid to the other. In some cases, a solid wall may separate the fluids and prevent them from mixing. In other designs, the fluids may be in direct contact with each other. In the most efficient heat exchangers the surface area of the wall between the fluids is maximized while simultaneously mixing the fluid flow resistance. Fins or corrugation are sometimes used with the wall in order to increase the surface area and to induce turbulence. There are three primary flow arrangement s with heat exchangers: Counter-flow, Parallel flow and Cross flow.
The most common type of heat exchangers used in the process, petroleum, chemical and HVAC industries intended for heating process fluids is Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers. Shell and tube heat exchangers are used when a process requires large amounts of fluids to be heated or cooled. Due to their design, they offer a large heat transfer area and provide high heat transfer efficiency. They consist of tubes and shells. The tubes act as the fl ow channels for one of the fluids in the heat exchanger, these exchangers are often parallel in order to provide a large surface area for the hea t transfer. The shell on the other hand holds the tube bundle and acts as the conduit for the fluid. The shell assembly houses the shell side connections and is the actual structure in to which the tube bundle is placed.
Shell and tube heat exchangers are used in applications where the pressure and temperature demands are high. They serve a wide range of applications in compressor system, hydraulic system, stationary engines, pain systems, air dryers, lube oil consoles and several marine applications.

1.1 AIMS AND OBJ ECTIVES
AIM: Design and development of software for solving shell and tube heat exchanger with double passes.

OBJ ECTIVES:
– To design a one shell pass and two tubes pass heat exchanger using Basic design Procedure and theory
-To investigate the true counter current flow in double pass heat exchanger as compared to other passes of heat exchanger.
– To develop software for solving shell and tube heat exchanger and other forms of heat exchanger.

1.2 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study is intended to focus on the design and development of software for solving heat exchangers with double passes. The index of studying the heat exchanger includes:

• The Basic design procedure and theory for the shell and tube heat exchanger
  With one shell pass and two tube passes.
  Solving problems in shell and tube heat exchanger using a software/ computer programming la nguage Visual Basic (NET)
  The factors affecting performance of shell and tube heat exchanger and the pattern of flow of the streams/fluids in them.
  Their functions and general applications in Engineering.

1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Anyone who wants to use a he at exchanger faces a fundamental challenge, fully defining the problem to be solved which requires an understanding of the thermodynamic and transport properties of fluid. Such knowledge can be combined with some simple calculations to define a specific he at transfer problem and select an appropriate heat exchanger.
Heat exchangers serve as straight forward purpose controlling a system’s or substance’s energy. Although there are many different sizes, levels of sophistication and types of heat exchangers, t hey all use a thermally conducting tube or plate to separate two fluids such that one can transfer thermal energy to the other.
This study thereby necessitates the need for the design and development of software for which will lead to near maximum performance of a heat exchanger.
Finally, the data obtained from this procedure shows that a one shell-pass and two tube-pass heat exchangers is more efficient than most heat exchangers in fluids thermal conductivity and transfer combustion.