COMPLETE SCHOOL PROJECT TOPICS & MATERIALS :
CHAPTERS: Chapter 1-5
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ABSTRACT
This study investigated the role of television media on disseminating Covid-19 vaccination information in Nigeria in University of Ilorin. The study employed a survey method. The total population of the study was 133 students, collected from the different departments in the school. This study employed a simple random sampling method to select its sample. The researcher utilized the Taro Yamane formula to evaluate a sample size of 100. The main instrument for data collection used in this study was the self-structured questionnaire. The study employed SPSS 19.0 in analyzing the responses from respondents and the results were presented in tables, frequencies, and percentages. The results of the study revealed a grand mean score of 4.27 which showed that the students in University of Ilorin had an excellent knowledge of COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccine. The grand mean score of 3.98 showed that the students showed an awareness towards COVID-19 vaccine in University of Ilorin was excellent. Also, the grand mean score of 4.08 showed that the attitude of students towards COVID-19 vaccination messages in University of Ilorin was excellent. Lastly, 73% of the respondents agreed that television media encourage more vaccination intent. Health communicators hoping to encourage vaccination may be effective by appealing to the use personal and collective health risks of not vaccinating. The study recommended that the health authorities via health care providers, who were identified by the people as the most trust source of information regarding information about COVID-19 vaccines, should design interventions in terms of awareness campaigns via all types of multimedia to spread more transparent information about the safety and efficacy of the vaccines.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
The putative “coronavirus” is thought to be a zoonotic virus that causes acute respiratory tract infections and deadly pneumonia in humans (Probasco, 2020). It was originally found in December 2019 in Wuhan, China’s capital of Hubei Province, and originated from animal sources before spreading to humans. According to Probasco (2020), the symptoms of the new coronavirus include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and diarrhea. Severity of the infections can cause pneumonia, renal failure, and death.
The intensity of the virus prompted the World Health Organization to declare it a global pandemic that had taken many lives, causing widespread alarm and contributing to many people worrisomeness (Zhou, 2020). In view of this, Quinones (2020) maintains that the impacts on public and mental health, social structures, and local and global economies have been enormously disruptive in practically every nation.
While numerous steps were implemented to limit and minimize the spread of the virus, efforts were made would formulate a vaccine for the lethal pandemic, which was accomplished in 2020. (Heymann, 2021).
The vaccine was designed to confer acquired immunity against the virus that causes COVID19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2). According to Gwaha (2021), the COVID-19 immunization is a critical component in limiting the extent to which people become infected by the virus. Furthermore, to ensure effective distribution, acceptance, and utilization of the COVID-19 vaccine as postulated by Ukpong (2021), television as a form of mass media played a significant role. The mass media, generally, are mandated with the fundamental role of educating, creating awareness, and informing the public during pandemics, and television is not an exception (Gever & Ezeah, 2020). Similarly, Hanitzsch, (2019) noted that d During a pandemic, the television takes on the role of an educator, teaching the public about health concerns so that they can be mentally prepared to avoid the spread of a pandemic.
Coverage in the view of Gever and Ezeah (2020) is the most effective approach for which television disseminates, and keep the public informed during a pandemic. This was achieved by frequently reporting on the health implications of COVID-19, advocating appropriate health practices, and recommending measures to help in pandemic containment, as well as advertising the need for, availability of, and enrollment procedure for COVID-19 immunization (Apuke, & Tunca, 2019). More so, the television media as postulated by Apuke and Tunca (2019), plays its role through high coverage of news, and visual framing, as well as information about the pandemic and related vaccine needs. Given the importance of television media in vaccine information transmission as discussed above, it is vital to investigate the function of television media in delivering COVID-19 immunization information in Nigeria.
In this modern day, the most common method of passing information is through the use of television media such mass media, advertisements, news and so on. Messages concerning the acceptance of Covid-19 vaccination have been passed online though advertisements (Helmy et al., 2020). Television media as a platform of interaction amongst the youth on various aspects including health. So far, the discussion towards Covid-19 and vaccination has garnered a lot of attraction on mass media platforms such as Twitter, Instagram, and blogs (Lunz Trujillo and Motta, 2020). This has helped in sharing information and gaining intention through the creation of awareness from health professionals and health policy makers (Cohen, 2020). This has proven the impact of online educational messages on youth intention. However, this study assesses the impact of online covid 19 vaccine educational messages on youth behavior.
1.2 Statement of the problem
The initial occurrences of COVID-19 were traced back to Wuhan, China, and the virus spread mostly through human-to-human transmission. Tang (2021) said that human-to-human transmission of the virus is likely to occur mostly through intimate contact with infected people’s respiratory droplets, which are often formed by sneezing and coughing. As a result of the virus’s virulence, many control and preventative measures were developed and executed (Chinn & Soroka, 2020). The COVID-19 vaccine, on the other hand, was developed to eradicate the pandemic among humans. The COVID-19 vaccination is a critical component in limiting the extent to which people become infected with the virus. However, the vaccine’s objective would not have been successfully served if mass media like as television had not been used for mass information transmission (Engler, 2021). According to Ukpong (2021), in order to keep the public informed, the media, like healthcare personnel, have been working hard to assure the virus’s eradication and the use of the COVID-19 vaccine. In accordance with the aforementioned, journalists have been on the front lines, reporting on the cases, the death toll, and the precautions that the general public should take to prevent getting the virus, including the necessity for, availability of, and enrollment in the COVID-19 vaccination. In addition to alerting people about the pandemic, television media works to shape public opinion regarding the virus, its method of transmission, and the preventative steps that can help to mitigate it, as well as the COVID-19 vaccine, as much misinformation has circulated on mass media platforms. In the light of the above, the study role of television media on disseminating covid-19 vaccination information in Nigeria.
1.3 Objectives of the study
Generally, the study is focused on evaluating the role of television media in disseminating COVID-19 vaccination information in Nigeria. To achieve this, the study will specifically:
- determine the rate of awareness of youth to covid vaccine.
- determine the extent of knowledge of the youth on covid 19 vaccination.
- determine the attitude of youth to covid 19 vaccination messages.
- determine whether television media encourage more vaccination intent.
1.4 Research questions
- What is the rate of awareness of youth to covid vaccine?
- What is the extent of knowledge of the youth on covid 19 vaccination?
- What is the attitude of youth to covid 19 vaccination messages?
- Do television media encourage more vaccination intent?
1.5 Significance of the study
This study will be most useful to the Nigerian Television Authority as well as other mass media authorities; the study will re-enlighten them on the irreplaceable role and paramount position occupied by television in addressing public health issues and the need to ensure efficiency in supplying the public with reliable, accurate, and educative information.
Additionally, subsequent researchers will use it as a literature review. This means that other students who may decide to conduct studies in this area will have the opportunity to use this study as available literature that can be subjected to critical review. Invariably, the result of the study contributes immensely to the body of academic knowledge with regard to the role of television media in disseminating COVID-19 vaccination information in Nigeria.