COMPLETE SCHOOL PROJECT TOPICS & MATERIALS :
CHAPTERS: Chapter 1-5
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ABSTRACT
In this research work, we considered “The Economy impact of the deregulation of the Telecommunication Industry in Nigeria”. Our major concentration was on the Nigeria market because Telecommunication is a very broad research topic.
This project has helped us know that deregulating the Telecom sector has contributed immensely to the Nigeria Economy positively. In order to get this, we looked at deregulation in the real sense, what deregulating the telecom sector means and its impact on the economy. A descriptive method was employed in looking at this topic based on the usefulness in accomplishing a task.
This findings revealed that the economy has been affected positively through the deregulation of the telecommunication sector in Nigeria, and has led to nation. building to a great extent.
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
By development of Telecom in Nigeria started in 1886 with the laying of the first telegraphic submarine cable by the British firm cable and wireless Limited. The Nigerian government joined the British firm as a senior partner under the name Nigeria External Telecommunication Ltd. (NET) in 1962.
By 1984/85 Nigeria separated postal and telecom function of party department, consequently NITEL was crated and telecom services became commercial. NITEL due to its monopoly network could not meet up with public expectations and demands and this led to government decision to partially liberalize Nigeria Telecommunication sector via the promulgation of the Nigeria communication decree 1992.
However, despite the huge potential offered by the Nigeria telecom market, the progress was slow. A new policy was released in year 2000 which now serve as the blueprint for full liberalization of the telecom industry and as at today the market is the biggest and fastest growing in Africa and the eight fastest growing in the world.
1.1.2 (Pre-Independence Era)
Telecommunications in Nigeria began in 1886 when a cable connection was established between Lagos and the colonial office in London. By 1893 government offices in Lagos were provided with telephone service which was later extended to Ilorin and Jebba in the hinterland. A slow but steady process of development in the years that followed to the gradual formation of the nucleus of a national telecommunication network.
In 1923, the first commercial trunk telephone service between Itu and Calabar was established. Between 1946and 1952, a three channel line carrier system was commission between Lagos and Ibadan, and later was extended to Osogbo, Kaduna, Kano, Benin and Enugu; thus connecting the colonial office in London with Lagos and the commercial centres in the country with Local authority offices.
The main transmission medium during the pre-independence era was unshielded twisted pair. This evolved later from rural carrier systems on high gauge lines to line carrier systems of twelve channel capacity systems. Salloto medium-capacity systems employing VHF and UHF radio were introduced around 1955. The first serious attempt at planning telecommunications services in the country was the 1955-1962 development programme.
It provided for the expansion of the trunk using a VHF multichannel radio system on a nationwide basis and a short microwave link between Lagos and Ibadan.
1.1.3 Post colonial Era
Nigeria embarked on a periodic national development plan with the attainment of independence in 1960.
Telecommunication development was featured in each of these plans which were usually of a five year duration.
The focus of attention in this period was the expansion of the network to meet the needs of the fledging commercial and industrial.
The specific objectives includes:-
– Instal1ation of additional 60,000 telephone lines to bring the total number of lines to 90,000 by the end of the decade.
– Expansion of trunk dialing facilities to link the major urban centres that were then springing centres that were then springing up. Establishment of the Nigeria External telecommunications (NET) limited.
Unfortunately, only 26,000 lines i.e 40% could be added to the existing network partly because of under funding and partly because of disruption caused to the economy by the Nigerian Civil War (1967-1970). Nevertheless, there are some achievement which inc1udes:-
Installation of a microwave radio transmission system to link the cities of Lagos, Ibadan, Enugu, Benin and Port Harcourt all of which are in the southern part of Nigeria’s transmission system. Preparatory work toward the establishment of NET as a limited liability company also started.
1.1.4 Plan Period
It aimed at increasing the telephone facilities from 50,000 lines to 750,000 lines an increase of about 1,400%. In the area of switching, three contracts were awarded to add over 340,000 lines to Nigeria’s networks.
– In the first contract for the contingency loan – forty five locations were to receive exchanges with a total installation capacity of 162,000 lines and twelve other exchange were to be expanded by 48,000 lines.
– The second covered turnkey projects 147 locations to receive external line plant and switching equipment to add an additional 121,000 lines.
– The third contract covered mobile exchange provided for installation of29 mobile exchange with 11,300 lines.
It was envisages .that the total number of installed telephone lines in Nigeria at the end of the plan period would increase to 612,000.