COMPLETE SCHOOL PROJECT TOPICS & MATERIALS :
CHAPTERS: Chapter 1-5
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THE INCIDENCE OF HOME ACCIDENTS AMONG CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS IN AKOKO-EDO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE.
INTRODUCTION
An Accident is defined as an event which occurs without previous knowledge or warning and as a result of which there could be injuries, disabilities or even death. Accidents are events that can contribute a great loss to the nation.
There are two major causes of Accident these are:
- Natural cause
- Artificial cause
- Natural cause: Which are natural occurrences that are unavailable like earth quake, floods, lighting, hurricane, wind and land slides:
- Artificial cause: Which are caused by man either due to ignorance, carelessness and inexperience. Home or domestic accidents are accident sustained within living or playing premises which can be avoided, if proper care is taken.
Home Accident constitutes both global and social problems.
However, for many people the home functions as a refuge from strains and stresses of everyday life but now safe a refuge is it? A surprising factor inherent in home hazards is thus ordinariness. They are often an important part of our day to day existence and in many cases are unlikely to the thought of as linked with adverse health outcomes.
Some prominent home accident includes burns, scald, poisoning, cut laceration, electric stock, freight bodies in the cars, eye, nose or threat the distress and disabilities of home accident are incalculable in any accident there are main factors.
- The host factors/victims
- The causative agent
- The environment is which the accident occurred
The Age, Sex, social circumstance, personality, physical and emotional intellectual. The young children must be protected as much as possible from accident injury. While the older children must be taught to protect themselves.
The best way to prevent home accident is to avoid or remove the causes and modify predisposing factors circumstance, much attention much be paid to safety in the design of our environment inside, and outside the home, and to our living patters.
Those highly susceptible to home accident are the age ones and children under six years of age.
Most home accident in children is due to the following.
- Over activity and curiosity
- Mimicking i.e. role of imitation by girls and boys.
- Carelessness and ignorance of parents.
Ignorance on the part of the child, hunger, fatigue, poor living condition, parent failure to understand what to expect of the children at different age, children of one to five (1-5) years of age are exploratory, more so when they are physically and mentally fill.
Major victim of home accident and effort made by health workers to study this phenomenon is scientifically. Geared two and providing a last solution in other to reduce it negative impact on the health of the nation.
1.2 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Ugboshi-eli and ugboshi-afe are communities situated in Akoko Edo Local government area of Edo state.
The people living there are mainly the okpamen indigenes and some few non _indigenes. The people of two communities are farmers, traders, hunters, and palm wine tappers. They have a market which comes up every five days. The administrative head of the two communities are the chief and the chairman of each community.
The chiefs is the head of the traditional rulers and while the chairman is the head of the affair of other communal matters. All disputes are been settled at the chairman place while other communal and land disputes are been settled at the chief palace (the traditional prime minister) besides the chairman. They still have quarter chairman who are write to settle family disputes.
Sometimes after matters are heard at the chairman’s place, there will be a course against taken the matter further and it will and there. If it is very serious e.g. witchcraft persistent stealing, adultery the matter goes straight to the chiefs (the traditional prime minister) that is the council of achieves the general chairman and his executives, and the quarter men.
Ugboshi_ eli and ugboshi_afe are two sister communities and has one festival which comes up every year July period. It is called yam festival. During the festival period, gifts and other are being exchange by families and well wishers.
General, the two communities are peace living communities they extend their hand of felicitation to other neighboring by allowing both native and non native 00000000to build house in the community.
They are also advocate of knowledge for effective development. They believe strongly that knowledge is power,
To this effect, they have three primary schools and two secondary schools and two private nursery schools.
1.3 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Household mishaps are a major cause of accidental death in many countries. The frequency and severity rate of accident vary from country to country and home to home. Home accident destroys the health, lives and independence of many Nigerians, yet home accident prevention receives little or no attention.
Data on home accident are not easy to come by, they are very scanty more so, an extensive review by previous researcher e.g. scholar has failed to find any study that examine the prevalence, sources and consequences of home accident in Nigeria generally and in Akoko-Edo local government in particular.
1.4 SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
The important of the study is to know the commonest cause of home accident among children of 0-5 years of age and to attract the interest of the family members and the communities on the important of preventing home accidents.
1.5 THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
- To find out the cause of home accident
- To identify the commonest types of home accident
- To determine the sex distribution of children that is commonly affectected.
- To assess the psychological and socials economic problem caused by home accident.
- To highlight the various ways of preventing home accident.
1.6 SCOPE OF STUDY
This study covers children of 0-5 years old in ugboshi – Eli and ugboshi -Afe communities in Akoko Edo local government of Edo state Nigeria. It concludes both children of low middle and
higher social economic group of people in the community. The studies also focus on the causes and the commonest types of home accident, action taken by parents and guardians to prevent them, above all, to highlight the general preventive measure of home accident among children 0-5years.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
ACCIDENT: – unpleasant event that happen unexpectedly and cause damage or injury.
AROUSE: – To provoke a particular feeling or attitude
DISABILITIES: – It is state of being disable, cannot work because of illness or disable.
Restriction of functional ability.
DIASASTER:- A bad accident that causes great lost or death. An unexpected event such as a very bad accident.
SCALD: – To burn oneself or part of one body with building liquid or steam.
EXPLORATION: – Searching or examining into things for the purpose of learning.
ELECTROCUTION: killed or injured person suddenly by mean of electricity.
DROWNING: To kill or to be killed in a pool of water because person cannot breath in air.
DEDUCE: To arrive at the fact by reasoning.
DATA: fact or thing certainly know by a person or persons that can be use to draw a conclusion.
CAUSATIVE AGENT: capable of causing a thing, capable of causing disease.
CHORES: A small duty or piece of work or an ordinary thing everyday take in the home e.g sweeping
CURISOSITY: A strong desire to know or learn about something: children are always curious.
POISONING: substance that can cause injury or death to person when used or taken into the body.
LACERATION: injury to the flesh by tearing.
SAMPLE: one part of a number or whole that can be use to see what the rest will look like. The process of collecting the one part of the technique.
SUFFOCATION: To die as a result of being unable to breath.
SUSCEPTIBLE: can be easily affected or harm by children are easily affected by disease.
HURRICANE WIND: A violent storm with very strong wind.
EARTH QUAKE: A sudden violent movement of the each surface.
LAND SLIDE: moving smoothly along an even, polished slippery surface of the land.